epicycle

/ˈɛpɪˌsaɪkəl/

IPA: /EH1 P AH0 S AY0 K AH0 L/

noun

1
A small circle whose centre is on the circumference of a larger circle; in Ptolemaic astronomy it was seen as the basis of revolution of the "seven planets", given a fixed central Earth.
2
Any circle whose circumference rolls around that of another circle, thus creating a hypocycloid or epicycloid.
3
A ring of atoms joining parts of an already cyclic compound

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