characteristic function

noun
  1. 1

    A function which is equal to 1 for all points in its domain which belong to a given set, and is equal to 0 for all points in the domain which do not belong to that given set.

  2. 2

    A complex function completely defining the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable

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Source: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/characteristic%20function